For Cross-Border EC Buyers: Quick Reference to the 7 Types of Kutani Ware Classification for Business Meetings

This blog aims to help cross-border EC buyers discover and acquire attractive Japanese products with minimal effort. In this issue, we offer support information to better understand Kutani-yaki (Kutani porcelain), one of Japan’s most representative traditional craft tableware.

Below is a description of the product composition of “Kutani-yaki,” classified into seven categories. Classifying Kutani-yaki can be challenging due to its diversity and differing opinions. However, gaining even a basic understanding of its structure will help you make strategic, theoretical, and efficient decisions when negotiating Kutani-yaki in cross-border EC.

1. By Historical Period

By classifying Kutani-yaki into three periods, you can understand the modernity of Kutani-yaki, which is not only the stereotypical image of Kutaniyaki since Japonism in Europe.

a）Ko-Kutani (Old Kutani)

1. Produced in the mid-17th century, this category is known for its bold colors and designs.
2. Due to their historical significance and value, these porcelains are not typically traded in cross-border e-commerce
3. This legendary category ceased production only 50 years after the kiln was established, and these rare items are now handled only by a limited number of museums.
4. However, their unique design and spirituality have been passed on to modern products as the DNA of Kutani-yaki.

ｂ）Saiko-Kutani (Revival Kutani)

1. This category can be classified as the mid-19th century resurgence with diverse styles.
2. During that time, many products were made for export, leading to the establishment of Kutani-yaki as a global brand.
3. These items were available not only to high-class individuals but also to middle-class citizens.
4. Today, some pieces are museum items, making them difficult to handle in cross-border EC due to their price and limited quantity.
5. However, some can be traded mainly as antiques or collectibles for affluent individuals.

c）Modern Kutani

1. Post-19th century, this category includes contemporary pieces and traditional reproductions.
2. It is the main category traded in cross-border EC, suitable not only for appreciation but also for everyday use.
3. This category can be divided into two types: traditional intricate designs and modern simplified concepts.
4. This category is diverse, offering numerous choices so that products can be selected to suit customers’ purposes and budgets.
5. Due to the strong influence of Revival Kutani, characterized by intricate designs and high prices, some may overlook Kutani without awareness of this category.

2. By Production Style

These three classifications will help you select the supplier that best suits your taste and business style.

a) Producer and Wholesaler

1. They plan and organize new products by anticipating global customer needs and trends.
2. They select the best craftsmen and partners for each individual product or project.
3. In essence, they have the capability to manage OEM and mass production, enabling buyers to handle large volume transactions

b) Workshops and Kilns

1. With skilled individual techniques, they produce unique products to meet detailed customer needs.
2. They often have the flexibility to collaborate with other craftsmen when they can’t handle a customer’s needs on their own.
3. Many are suitable for trial sales due to their ability to handle detailed customization and small lots.

c) Individual Artists

1. They aim to create notable works based on individual artistic vision, rather than business needs.
2. Due to their emphasis on unique personal styles, they generally do not accept major customization.
3. This category is suitable for users who seek unique products that cannot be found in ready-made items.

3. By Style and Design

The image of bright, picturesque Kutani-yaki is strongly prevalent, but in parallel, we have tried to simplify as much as possible the diverse Kutani-yaki that continues to evolve and develop in a complex manner.

a) Traditional Designs

1. This category features classic motifs such as nature, animals, and landscapes, commonly found in older pieces.
2. While similar themes appear in other categories, these motifs are often depicted as if painted on canvas.

b) Modern Designs

1. This type presents contemporary interpretations with abstract patterns and modern aesthetics.
2. Themes such as nature and animals, traditionally found in Kutani-yaki, are depicted in a cute, stylized, and simplified modern style.

c) Special Techniques

1. This category features intricate and complex designs such as overglaze enamel painting (iro-e), gold decorations, or intricate carvings.
2. These techniques can be applied to both traditional and contemporary designs, extending beyond Kutani-yaki.

4. By Type of Product

Kutani-yaki has evolved beyond traditional tableware, encompassing a wide range of products.The reputation that Kutani ware is no longer tableware has also taken hold. We have categorized it into three easy-to-understand categories.

a) Tableware

1. This category includes plates, bowls, teacups, and drinking vessels designed for daily use.
2. Generally, Kutani-yaki tableware falls into the expensive category due to its blend of functionality and artistic value.

b) Decorative

1. This category includes vases, figurines, and other decorative items intended for daily use.
2. Because of their design, Kutani tableware is often used as decorative ornaments, not for eating.

c) Collectible

1. This category includes items intended for display or collection rather than daily use.
2. Most feature florid designs influenced by Reconstruction Kutani styles and characteristics.

5. By Price Range

Kutani-yaki is often perceived as a luxury item. This classification method helps dispel concerns among ordinary consumers who may still hold this image.

a) Affordable

1. Most of these items are mass-produced with simpler designs, making them good for everyday use or entry-level collectors.
2. Particularly popular in this category are chopstick rests and small plates.

b) Mid-Range

1. This category is characterized by higher quality materials and intricate designs, yet many items are within reach for the average person with a bit of effort.
2. Large plates used for both eating and decoration, as well as other decorative items, are particularly popular.

c) High-End

1. These pieces come from famous artists or workshops, limited editions, or those with complex designs and rare techniques.
2. Many items fall within the high-end furniture and automobile price range, requiring a significant level of determination for the average person to purchase.

6. By Color Scheme

Of course, it’s not as simple as this, but delving deeper would make it difficult for most buyers to assess during business meetings. Therefore, we have chosen to classify them simply.

a) Traditional Five Colors (Gosai)

1. These pieces are based on the traditional five colors: green, blue, yellow, purple, and red.
2. This category includes not only traditional five-color paintings but also a variety of new artistic styles based on that tradition.

b) Monochromatic

1. These pieces are based on a monochromatic or subdued color scheme.
2. White, beige, black, and blue are especially popular, as they effectively convey the feel of the porcelain base.

c) Gold and Silver Accents

1. These pieces feature luxurious gold or silver decorations added to various base materials to enhance their appearance.
2. This technique, performed by decorating specialists, is also found in traditional crafts beyond Kutani-yaki.

7. By Size and Use

This taxonomy helps buyers envision end-user use cases from a delivery perspective.

a) Miniature Pieces

1. These small, detailed pieces are popular collectibles among a wide range of user groups, from children to the elderly.
2. Many are celebratory items or gifts, and are frequently hand-carried as souvenirs from visits to Japan.

b) Large Decorative Items

1. These are statement pieces, such as large vases or centerpieces.
2. Many are unique and rare but fragile items that require substantial cost and time for delivery.

c) Functional Items

1. This category includes plates, cups, and bowls for daily use, where functionality is important.
2. While it is the largest category in cross-border e-commerce, many counterfeit products exist, so caution is advised.

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